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The main subject of this paper, as its title suggests, is recurrent pregnancy loss and thrombophilia. Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is defined as multiple miscarriages without the mediation of labor. According to the American Society for Reproductive Medicine (ASRM) the miscarriages have to be 2 or more, whereas, the European Society for Human Reproduction and Embryology suggests 3 or more miscarriages as the definition of the recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). Even though the etiological factor of recurrent pregnancy loss in most cases of couples is unknown, there are several known reasons of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) for a couple, which include endocrine disorders, immunological defects, coagulation disorders, anatomic defects as well as genetic. In the present dissertation, thrombophilia was analyzed. Thrombophilia can be defined as a group of hereditary or acquired disorders which increase a person’s risk to develop a clot. From the bibliographical research, data about miscarriages, the mechanism of hemostasis and thrombophilia were collected and further analyzed in the general part of the dissertation. The goal of the research in this paper is to define the etiological factors that are responsible for recurrent pregnancy loss, with emphasis placed upon thrombophilia. Furthermore, another goal is the comparison of relevant scientific research with the results of our own research, which was carried out through a questionnaire, so as to draw conclusions and further investigate the issue of recurrent pregnancy loss.