Eureka! Institutional Repository

INTRODUCTION: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a major public health problem with high morbidity and mortality, and health care expenditures. Recent studies have shown that a large percentage of people with type 2 diabetes have Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA). AIM: Investigation of the specific clinical characteristics of patients suffering from type 2 diabetes and sleep apnea compared with non-diabetics, among the population who visited the Sleep Laboratory of Respiratory Failure Unit of G.N.G.PAPANIKOLAOU Hospital, from 2010 to 2015 and subjected to sleep study. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 1248 patients who have been studied in the Respiratory Failure Unit. From them, 176 were suffering from sleep apnea and diabetes type 2. Anthropometric data (sex, age, height, weight, neck circumference, waist circumference), coexisting diseases, clinical symptoms (such as apnea, snoring, fatigue) were recorded and sleepiness / sleep apnea questionnaires (Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), STOP BANG (SB), Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS) were completed. At the same time, the parameters measured by the sleep study, (Apnea Hypopnea Index, AHI, Oxygen Desaturation Index, ODI) as well as the severity of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, were also recorded. Results: From 1248 participants, 176(14%) had T2D with no gender difference. OSA T2D patients were older (61.2±9.3vs 54.6±13.1, p<0.001), heavier (38.3±8.2vs33.2±10.2, p<0.001), with larger waist circumference (124±15.4 vs113.2±18.1, p<0,001). AHI did not differ significantly in T2D but ODI did (49.4±21.6vs. 44.9±25.5,p=0.04). Significant differences were found in ESS (11±4.9 vs.9.9±4.6, p=0.02), SB (5.8±1.45 vs. 4.9±1.5, p<0.001), AIS (9.5±5.2 vs. 8.6±5, p=0.04) of T2D vs. non T2D. Nocturia was more frequent in diabetics (p<0.001). The most important factor that affected AIS was ESS (beta 0.35, p=0.008) in T2D and non T2D (beta 0.36, p<0.001). ESS was associated with AIS (beta 0.36, p=0.002) in T2D, whereas with AIS, S-B and ODI in non DT2 (beta 0.3 p<0.001, beta 0.16 p=0.004, beta 0.1 p=0.047 respectively). S-B was affected by neck circumference (beta 0.6, p<0.001) and BMI (beta 0.25, p=0.01) in T2D, whereas from BMI, age, neck circumference, ESS, AIS and AHI in non DT2. Conclusions: Diabetic OSA patients were older, more obese, and sleepier, with more insomnia symptoms than non-diabetic.