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This specific project is a thesis, realized by the undergraduate students, Kleoniki Zotou and Paschalina Tsiailiani, through the guidance of Dr. Savvas Mavridis. The main purpose of this thesis, is the study of the major reasons, that have led to the development of tourism in Greece, plus the finding of new ones, leading to the recomposition of the Greek Tourism Industry, having as a goal its sustainable development, especially in view of unfavorable economic situation that the country is facing, nowadays. This thesis is based on the bibliographical research of the Greek and foreign bibliography, concerning themes related to the Tourism Phenomenon, from the ancient to the modern times, and moreover to projects and articles that deal with the influence of the tourism on the human activities, particularly on the economy of the Greek State and on the contemporary approaches of the alternative tourism models, that not only respect the environment, but also the sustainable touristic development. To be exact, in the first chapter of this thesis, the Tourism Phenomenon, as a part of a human activity and need from the antiquity till these days, is discussed thoroughly. In addition, all the basic forms of tourism, both in Greece and abroad, are also fully reported. In the next chapter the relationship between the field of tourism and the economy, is elaborated, while the negative impacts of the first one in areas such as the environment, are also referred. In the third chapter, the writers of this thesis tackle the importance of the sustainable development, by featuring possible ways of its interconnection with the tourism domain. For this reason a variety of principal types of the so-called alternative tourism, are described, as its expansion is making progress against the form of Mass Tourism. Proceeding to the fourth chapter, there is a focus on the Greek area, by making a general survey of the country’s Tourism Reality. To continue with the fifth chapter, there is a meticulous reference regarding the negative aftereffects, either on Touristic Units, or job opportunities in the Tourism Industry, in general. Last but not least, in the sixth chapter, an adequate mention that pertains to the effects of the Arab Spring on tourism, is inscribed.