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The dissertation under discussion aims at investigating the role of Teachers’ Association concerning the effective operation of a school. Particularly, teachers’ participation and the way their association operates, are researched. Thus, a quantitative research in Primary Schools in the Prefecture of Thessaloniki is adopted. Specifically, 230 teachers constitute the research sample. Firstly, the degree of teachers’ participation in their Association is inquired. Next, the effective and satisfactory operation of the association and the reasons influencing teachers effective participation in the association meetings are inquired as well. Further, it was researched how the meetings affect colleagues’ cooperation leading to teachers’ and school’s effectiveness and the headmasters’ role to this direction. Moreover, it is researched whether school operation is based on the demographic characteristics of the school and the characteristics of the participants. Data collection is done by the use of a mailed questionnaire consisting of closed type questions whereas statistic processing and analysis of the results is done following Statistic packet IBM SPSS v.23. According to survey results, teachers participation to their associations meetings is satisfactory and teachers themselves consider their participation important in cultivating a collegiality and cooperation culture, in developing their organisational commitment, in cultivating common goals and aims, in building trust bonds and effectiveness as a result. Reasons, affecting negatively, are lack of knowledge on school management, lack of available infrastructure, lack of resources, lack of intention and development of specific countable aims. The school headmasters’ role is considered critical. Finally, findings prove that demographic factors such as responsibility, age, experience, and permanency, concerning work relations, are crucial