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This thesis discusses the red flags in low back pain. The first step to fully conceive the red flags in low back pain is the understanding of physiotherapy assessment because, red flags arise from the patient’s history and the clinical examination. It’s proved by the contemporary literature that the majority of red flags in low back pain is related to pain. That is why this thesis includes a separate section for referred visceral pain at the lower back. In this case low back pain occurs from internal organs such as the small or large intestine, the kidneys, the bladder and the prostate. The last section of this thesis reviews every condition which is able to cause low back pain. According to the literature conditions related to cancer, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, urological, gynecological, infectious and other general diseases are able to cause low back pain.