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The purpose of this dissertation is to present the problems of cotton cultivation in the prefecture of Imathia. Cotton is one of the most important industrial plants and the main product for which it is grown is its fiber, which is the raw material for the most important part of the spinning industry. The evolution of the cultivation in Greece as well as the varieties grown are presented.Τhe botanical characteristics and ecological requirements for the production of cotton are described in order to see whether cotton can thrive in an area, as well as the cultivation techniques applied in our country.The problems caused by weeds, pests and diseases as well as the production costs of the crop are analysed. The qualitative features are also presented in detail and are discussed in conjunction with the factors that affect them