Eureka! Institutional Repository

Since the prehistoric times, in the Mediterranean region, and especially in Greece, the Bactocera oleae, coexisting with the olive tree, to date, is a scourge for the olive growing of the Mediterranean regions, which often occurs in the form of monoculture. The traditional rural Mediterranean landscape is considered to have 10,000 years of life and is therefore extremely stable, which favors the preservation of the olive tree in large populations. The heterogeneity of the site and the variability in time of the ecosystem parameters imply the continuous monitoring of the population variations of the species in order for the fight to be successful. Fighting fruit Fly is a continuously evolving process, based on the research of insect behavior against the ever-refining techniques of its proliferation and against the new pesticides, which is constantly discovered and made available to the interested parties by Phytopharmacology. His treatment has gone through several stages. The first applied universal sprays gave their place to bailers, who now focus on the woody part of the tree, minimizing chemical residues in the final product. The implementation of program destruction of the fruit fly, which is applied in the countries of the Mediterranean and even in our country, is an imperative state activity due to the peculiarity of the insect infestation, but there is no mention of any burden on the developppmenttal physiology of the olive tree. The purpose of this research is the effect of insecticides (biological or not) on various physiological parameters and the development of the olive tree. Measurements were made on photosynthesis, fluorescence, transpiration, and the proline amino acid, in a pristine olive grove, in the village of Eleftherochori in the Prefecture of Kilkis. It is worth noting that this olive grove had a low concentration of Bactrocera oleae. With the first Success 0,24 CB insecticide, it was observed that the quality characteristics of the olive trees were improved and that no damage was caused to both the photosynthetic mechanism and the photochemical performance. More specifically: a. The ratio of Fv / Fm (the ratio of variable chlorophyll fluorescence / maximum chlorophyll fluorescence) showed similar photochemical yields of the plants with the control. b. The CO2 assimilation rate of photosynthesis (A) of the olive trees was not altered compared to the control. v c. At the rate of transpiration (E) of the olive trees, no significant change was observed compared to the control. In addition to proline - one of the amino acids, found in large concentrations in many plant species and also accumulates in plants as a reaction to various types of stress, such as salinity, low temperatures, drought, heavy metals, etc., which contributes to extreme environmental conditions - there was a significant increase, which helped the olive trees to cope with biotic and abiotic stresses. In contrast to the Chemical Experimental Insecticide it was observed that: a. The ratio of Fv / Fm (the ratio of variable chlorophyll fluorescence / maximum chlorophyll fluorescence) showed low photochemical yields of the plants who received the effect, compared to the control. b. The CO2 assimilation rate of the photosynthesis (A) of the olive trees was reduced relative to the control. c. At the rate of transpiration (E) of the olive trees, a significant change was observed, as compared to the control. In proline, there was a significant decrease, which did not help the olives to overcome the biotic - abiotic stress compared to the control. Consequently, it is concluded that the first insecticide had a positive effect on the physiological parameters of the olive trees.