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Introduction: Epidemiology of diabetes is reported to be high recently at a global level. More specifically, diabetes mellitus Type 1 (DMT1) presents an great and continuously increased epidemiology in children. Exercise contributes significantly in the reduction of glucose levels in patients with insulin deficiency since exercise increases the glucose transport into the cells also with insulin-independent mechanisms. The participation of children and adolescents with DMT1 in sports leads to the achievement of a better glycemic control as well as to have a normal psychosomatic development. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the exercise in children and adolescents with DMT1. Only few studies reported the physical activity in DMT1 in Greece and therefore the present study is innovating and attempted to fill this bibliographic gap. Material and method: Hundred-fifty (150) children and adolescents were enrolled in the survey. The established by Avgerinos Physical Activity and Lifestyle Questionnaire (PALQ) was applied in this survey. Among the questions the relationships among activities and age, management of the free time and engagement to physical activity and age were examined. The survey was conducted at the outpatient unit for children and adolescents with DMT1, 4th Department of Pediatrics, Papageorgiou General Hospital. Statistical analysis was performed using a SPSS version 21 statistical package. According the non-normal distribution of the data Mann-Whitney and Kruskal Wallis test was applied, respectively; while by normal distribution an independent samples t-test and the one-way Anova was used, respectively. The level of statistical significance was set to p = 0.005. Results: The children and adolescents who participated in the survey characterized themselves as being little active, regardless of the fact that they participate 2-3 times a week in the school gymnastics lesson, and despite the fact that there are athletic teams in the school championship. The majority of the participants in the survey are athletes in their extra-curricular time, mainly in soccer, basketball and swimming. The training of these athletes takes 60-90 minutes for three times a week. Several gender-specific variations were also recorded in the survey, particularly with regard to the activities with which children and adolescents engage in leisure activities. Furthermore, the 13 level of education of the parents influences to a certain extent the views expressed by the students. The survey also showed that most of the 78,7% of the respondents reported that there was nothing that imped them from engaging in their usual physical activities and sports over the past 7 days. The 34% of the participants reported that they were no member of any of the school sports teams. However, 23.3% replied that they were member and that they regularly participate in the races and training sessions. Also, most of the 48% survey respondents were athletes and participated in races. The age of 7 (12%) and 8 (9.3%) years was the one in which most respondents started their engagement with a sport event. Conclusions: In children and adolescents with DMT1 exercise as well as general physical activity are not only allowed but are promoted for both good glycemic control and physical well-being. Further goals of exercise in DMT1 children and adolescents include improving cardiovascular system, muscular flexibility, muscle strength as well as the safety of the participants during sports and physical activities.