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Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to approach and analyze the knowledge and opinions of the consumers of Thessaloniki regarding the labeling of food and the nutrition claims. Methods: The following survey was based on a sample of 1,200 consumers, residing in Thessaloniki. The sample consists of random residents, men and women aged 18 and over. The survey was carried out using questionnaires, consisting of 33 questions, closed and open-ended, aimed at investigating the behavior of each consumer in the food market. Statistical analysis of the data was done with appropriate software packages (SPSS) for safely deducting conclusions. Conclusions: The sample of 1,200 individuals consists of 54% of women and 46% of men. Female gender gives more attention to food labels, especially to macronutrients. Approximately half of the sample (557 individuals) were consumers aged 18 to 30, as well as consumers (637 people) with a monthly income of less than EUR 1,000. Young consumers read food labels more often than older people, by focusing on weight and aesthetics, while older people consider them more reliable. People with the lowest income (<600 euros) are much more affected by the purchase price of food than the wealthy (> 1500 euros). Low-educated people (primary education) rarely read food labels, as opposed to those with a high level of education (tertiary education). Finally, families with at least one child are more interested in the safety and nutritional value of food than unmarried and couples without children.