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A construction’s energy saving is ensured by the quality of the energy systems and the correct energy management, that includes many activities. The first and most important step to secure all of the above is the analysis of energy efficiency, which allows us to obtain enough knowledge about the construction’s consumption. Without it it’s impossible to ensure the goals of energy management, the selection and application of the suitable measures for the energy saving and energy rating of the construction. This thesis consist of eight chapters. The first chapter includes data about energy. Μore specifically Europe and Greece’s energy system, various forms of energy and energy maps. Furthermore, it includes information about energy concerning financial development, the quality of life and environment. Finally, it concludes with the energy problem that exists and the importance of actions that must immediately occur for the correction and improvement of the current state. In the second chapter are mentioned the national specifications for all the parameters required to apply the energy efficiency calculation methodology of constructions and the methodologies for calculating the energy efficiency of buildings are analyzed. In the third chapter, the TEE-KENAK program and the Building Thermal Insulation Regulation are briefly presented. TEE-KENAK is the tool-software of engineers for the preparation of energy studies, as well as the way of its use and operation. The Building Thermal Insulation Regulation, although it was an important tool for its time, can no longer meet modern energy requirements. In the fourth chapter, reference is made to heating systems, as well as an analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of the most common and widespread systems. In the fifth chapter, the distinction criteria, the use, the cost, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of the various types of frames are analyzed. The sixth and seventh chapters present the process of the energy inspection study and the issuance of an energy efficiency certificate for an apartment and a shop respectively. Finally, the eighth chapter contains the conclusions that were formed during the studying and writing for the preparation of this thesis.