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This study has been conducted within the framework of the postgraduate programme of the Alexander Technological Educational Institute of Thessaloniki, Master of Management and Organization of Educational Units. The aim of the study is to examine the Dual System of Vocational Education and Training at the Apprenticeship Vocational Education Schools (EPAS), implemented by the Greek Manpower Employment Organization (OAED). The study is based on primary and secondary research and attempts to investigate both the historical developments and the existing situation of Vocational Education and Training (VET) in Greece. The study has been conducted in two parts. The first part comprises of the theoretical framework and is presented in four stages. The first stage examines the theoretical concept of apprenticeship, as well as the approach of the dual system of vocational education and training, followed by a concise description of the historical developments of VET in Greece, and the institution of Apprenticeship in the EPAS of OAED. The second stage, explores VET in the other European countries. The third stage deals with the operation and implementation of Apprenticeship at the EPAS of OAED, while the fourth stage focuses on the reasons that make the apprenticeship education system implemented in the EPAS of OAED sustainable, successful and accepted by both students and the society. The second part of the work consists of the research study. Five hundred and thirty-eight (538) questionnaires were collected and analyzed from students of the Vocational School of Apprenticeship of OAED from different technical and professional/vocational disciplines in the Thessaloniki Prefecture. The data collection underwent qualitative statistical analysis with SPSS Statistics software. Whereas, correlations were made between the study variables and the following research questions: I. The reasons that graduates from the Vocational Lyceum (EPAL), General Lyceum (GEL), and other educational institutions apply to EPAS. OAED instead of being engaged in the labor market. II. The reasons that students do not choose to go to EPAS OAED after the first year of Lyceum at EPAL or GEL. III. An attempt is made to establish whether students are justified in their choosing vocational training at the Apprenticeship Schools (EPAS) of OAED. The study results are presented, the key findings of which are the following. The main reasons why students choose to study at EPAS of OAED are the high standard of professional qualifications and knowledge and skills acquisition. A significantly high percentage of students regard that the combination of theoretical and practical training in the EPAS of OAED helps them to gain better knowledge and more skills. Finally, the majority of students believe that the apprenticeship system is useful and effective, and should be implemented in vocational education and training. Finally, conclusions and suggestions for future use are presented. It is proposed that Vocational Education and Training - Apprenticeship play a pivotal role as an effective solution to tackling youth unemployment, which is of major concern in Greece and has led thousands of young people to emigrate from their homeland in order to seek work.